According to Metal Supermarkets, there are four primary types of cast iron, each produced through different processing techniques:

• Grey Cast Iron: Grey cast iron contains free graphite (carbon) molecules, providing excellent thermal conductivity and damping capacity. It is commonly used in engine blocks, manifolds, and cookware.
• White Cast Iron: By controlling carbon and silicon content and cooling rate, white cast iron lacks free graphite, resulting in a hard and extremely wear-resistant material. It finds applications in pump housings, mill linings, crushers, and brake shoes.
• Ductile Cast Iron: Ductile cast iron’s nodular graphite structure offers improved ductility and strength. It is suitable for high-strength components like gears and machinery parts.
• Malleable Cast Iron: Heat-treated white cast iron transforms into malleable cast iron, providing increased ductility and impact resistance. It is used in shock-resistant applications.

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